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I P. PISTO FOR WATER METERS,Y 650. No. 2.56.5511. Pategjaed' Apr. 18, 1882.

a m im a o N. PETERS. Phawumegnph, wmiugnm n. c.

WIT'N Essl-:s

vIO

y 'UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

" ARTHUR REMERY, OF BROOKLYN, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR OF ON E-ALF TO CHARLES P. HAUGHIAN, OF SAME PLACE.

PIS'l'ON FOR WATER-METERS, 86C.

SPECIFICATION forming partV of Letters Patent .NCL 256,554, dated April 18,1882.

' Application flied April 21,1881. (N modell) To all 'whom it may concer-u: Be it known that I, ARTHUR P. EMERY, of the city of Brooklyn, countyof Kings, and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Pistons for Wa- `terl\let\'ers,l?umps, Air-Gompressors,and other Analogous Machines and I do hereby declare the following to be a full', clear, and exact description thereof, reference being had to the drawings accompanying and forming part of this specification.

Water-meters, pumps, air-compressors, and analogous machines ofthe class to which my improvements relate have heretofore been so constructed that the ports of the piston-cylinder and itspiston have been opened and closed by slide-valves. It was also in such prior Inachines found necessary to pack the piston with some material at one or more-points onits eX- terior surface. By my invention I am enabled to' do away with all slide-valves and slide-valve gear, 'also to dispense with packing material onthe piston-surface.

' AThis invention Vconsists inY so `constructin g a doublepston, with induction and eduction ports for each end, that the piston will, when slightly rotated within the cylinder, have one of such ports opened to either the induction or eduction port of the piston-cylinder, as the case may be, and the other closed alternately at each end of said piston-thatis to say, when the piston is slightly rotated in one direction the induction-port of one end of the piston is opened and its eduction-port is closed, while the induction-port of the other end is closed and its eduction-port opened, and when the piston is slightly rotated in the other direction 'the induction-port of the first end mentioned is then closed and its eduction-port opened, while the eduction-port of the other end is then closed and its induction-port 0pened,and

` so that such ports shallremain open and closed,

respectively as stated, at each end alternately while such piston is taking and discharging water during its longitudinal movement back and forth within said cylinder; further, in so arranging the ports on thepiston that such piston will commence to take water and to discharge the same at each end alternately during a portion of its longitudinal movement 'duction-passage of the cylinder and close it in at a different point on the piston.

in its cylinder, and just after such pistouhas been lslightly rotated therein, for the purpose of opening and closing its induction and eduction ports at each end, respectively, through or along channels made in the periphery of thc piston and leading into the ports of such piston; further, in the combination, with such a piston and piston-cylinder, of a ball-andsocket joint, the ball being connected to the piston or its rod by means of a spindle, and its socketvbeing contained within the arm of a crank,for the purpose of giving the piston within said cylinder two motions alternately-namely, one which shall slightly rotate the piston first in one direction at one end of its longitudinal movement and in the opposite direction at the other end of its longitudinal movement, and thus open the induction-port in one end of the piston to the inthe other end alternately, and at same time close the eduction-port in one end of the piston to the eduction-passage of the cylinder and open it -in the other alternately, and to give between these two changes the longitudinal movement of the piston through the pistoncylinder, so that while one side of the piston is lling the other side will be discharging on each stroke of the piston.

In the drawings my improvements are rep- 8o resented as embodied ina water-meter.

Figure 1 is an end view of the meter, showing on one side my improved piston and its ports in vertical cross-section. Fig. 2 is a plan View of same, showing said piston and the piston-cylinder on one side partly in longitudinal -cross-section and on the other side in full plan view. Fig. 3 is a longitudinal vertical section of the piston and the meter, taken in the line m x of Fig. 2. Fig. 4 is a view of the piston and its ports developed in a horizontal plane. Figs. 5 and 6 are detail views of the ball-and-socket joint and crank carrying the same, and Fig. 7 is the ball-and socket joint mechanism located 9. A B G D are four port-s in a double-chamber o piston, E, such piston being open at both ends,

E E. F is an exterior cylinder to this piston, and in which such piston has a longitudii nal movement. This piston E is connected to roo the crank-arm G by a ball-and-socket joint, as follows: His a spindle, rigidly connected at one end to the side of the piston E through an opening in the side of the piston-cylinder, and containing at the other end a ball, I, which is inserted in a socket in the end of the crankarm G. The rotation of this crank-arm on its axis I will cause the piston to move longitudinally back and forth in the piston-cylinder, also will cause it at the termination of each of the longitudinal movements to slightly rotate, iirst in one direction at the termination of one of its longitudinal movements or strokes, and in the other direction at the termination of the other of its longitudinal movements or stroke. .This rotating of the piston by the ball-andsocket joint, rst in one direction and then in the other direction, will cause the piston to both take and discharge water at each stroke of such piston by changing the ports thereof in manner as hereinafter more particularly specified.

J is the induction-pipe of the meter. its eduction-pipe.

L is the passage from the induction-pipe to the interior of the meter.

M is the passage or eduction-port from the piston-cylinder into the eduction-pipe. In the top of the piston-cylinder F is the passage or induction-port N to the piston.

O is the exterior casing of the meter.

I? is an endless worm placed on the axle I ofthe crank, and gearing with the toothed wheel Q, so as to operate by means of the vertical spindle R a hand 011 a dial, S, &c., placed in a dome on top of the meter-case in the usual way, in order to register the movements ofthe pistons within their cylinders.

I will now describe the operation of lnyimproved piston in the taking and discharging of water during each stroke.V

I will suppose the piston of the cylinder (shown partly in section inFig. 2) to be moving in the direction of the arrow. Tater is consequently being drawn through the inducting passage or port N of the piston-cylinder and through the port A of the piston now open to the port N, as seen in Fig. l, into the end E', induction-port B ofend E beingclosed to port N, as seen in Fig. 1, eduction-port D in end E being closed to eduction-port M, and eductionport C in end E being open thereto, as seen in Fig. 1. Water is consequently being discharged from end E through eduction-passage K. At the end of such stroke of the piston the movement of the crank downward, bringing the balljoint down to and ovcrits center, tends to rotate the piston slightly, thus removing the induction-port A of the piston from the induction-port N of the cylinder and bringing into coincidence with it the induction-port B of the side E of the piston. This same rotation carries the eduction-port C of the side E of the piston away from the eduction-passage M of the cylinder and brings into coincidence with said passa-ge the eduction-porti) of the side E' K is of the piston, so that on the return-stroke oi' the piston it will draw water on the side E and discharge it on the side E. Just before the strokein thedirection of thearrow is again made the crank, moving 'up to and over its center, again changes the ports by rotating the piston slightly in the oth er direction and so as to bring the ports in the position as shown in Figs. 1 andfZ, and thus enable the piston to draw water at its end E and discharge that taken in at the end E" on its previous stroke.

Grooved channels or passages are made along the exterior periphery of thepiston leading into the respective ports of the piston, so that when the piston is at either end of the piston-cylinder and as it approaches the center water may be readily taken into and discharged at the respective ends. These grooved passages are shown in Fig. 4. Those leading to the inductionports are marked in dotted lines on the openings A B and those leading to the eduction-ports are marked in dotted lines on the openings C D. The remaining portions, or the ports proper, are elongated openings. Both the channels and openings are required to be curved slightly to conform to the slight twist movement given to the piston-cylinder by the ballandsocketjoint mechanism between each passage of the crank on its center, and the consequent shifting of the ports.

In order to get the crank over its centerY in the application shown of my new piston and piston-port-shifting mechanism, I propose to employ a duplicate of the parts above described, connected through the crank-axis I', as seen on the right-hand side in Figs. 1 and 2, the crank-arms G G being set at a quarter ot' a circle from each other. This duplicate piston and piston-cylinder are also connected with the eduction-passage K, as shown in the drawings.

When the piston isl connectedvsimply as/ft pump a piston-rod passing through a glandln the end of the piston-cylinder may have Iconnected therewith abalance-wheel, which will enable the crank to pass easily its centers.

The spindle of the ball-and-socket joint may be connected to a piston which passes through a gland in the headof the piston-cylinder, instead of being attached to the cylindrical part of the piston at the opening made through the side wall of the piston-cylinder, audit will operate in the same manner as above described, if so attached. Such attachment in themeter would bring the two cranks and the ball-jointoperating mechanism, out in advance ot' the cylinder-head, as shown in Fig. 7.

I claim- 1. The combination of a pistonl with its Vcylinder, such piston containing induction and eduction ports for each end, arranged therein so that it will, when slightly rotated within said cylinder, vhave at, one end. an inductionport opened and aneduction-port closed and at the other end an eduction-port opened and.

IOO

' an` induction-port closed alternately, so that cylinder with a ball-and-socket joint, the ball 1o the piston will both take and discharge water being connected to the piston by means of a at each of its strokes, substantially as despindle, andthe socket being contained in a scribed. crank, substantially as described.

2. The piston provided with channels orpassages, in combination with the induction and ARTHUR P? EMERY' ednction ports of the piston-cylinder, substan- Witnesses: tially as described. JAMES H. HUNTER,

3. The combination of thepiston-and piston l E. SK. MAILLER. 

